In Europe, Generation III reactors are presently being constructed in Finland, France and Russia. A large number of European countries also plan for building new nuclear power, such as the UK, Italy, Switzerland, The Czech republic, Bulgaria, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Lithuania, Estonia and Belorussia. In a longer term perspective, Generation IV reactors may be introduced, capable of recycling long lived high level waste and utilizing fuel resources a hundred times more efficiently. The Swedish science council recently funded the GENIUS project, where KTH, Chalmers and Uppsala University jointly undertake R&D on Gen-IV technology with particular focus on lead cooled fast reactors. In the present talk the plans for new nuclear power in Europe is outlined, and Swedish/European R&D programmes on Gen-IV systems are presented.