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The last three decades have seen increasing number of exoplanets being discovered in diverse environments, displaying vastly different properties. With interesting statistical trends that are emerging from such planet demographics, the community is at the wake of a rigorous revision of its current understanding of how planets form and evolve. To form accurate theories, however, they need to be based on a planet population that spans the complete range of parameter space with respect to the properties of both the planets and their host stars. A powerful tool that aids in this goal is the technique of direct detection that targets young, sub-stellar companions in wide orbits around their host stars. This is the research topic covered by my PhD thesis, which I will defend in the coming weeks. In this talk, I will attempt to explain how the techniques of direct imaging and spectroscopy help detect and characterize sub-stellar objects that have either recently formed or are in the process of formation, citing examples from the publications that are part of my thesis, and discuss how such observations aid in constraining formation models of planets and brown dwarfs.
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