OKC colloquia

Revealing Exploding Stars Without Seeing Them

by Iair Arcavi (Weizmann institute of Science)

Europe/Stockholm
Description
Core collapse supernovae, the explosions of massive stars, play a central role in shaping the observable universe. However, identifying the progenitors of these events (i.e. the stars which create the different types of observed explosions) is an outstanding problem in astrophysics. Without such an identification, progress towards understanding the explosion physics behind these supernovae is hindered. Direct progenitor detections are limited to few nearby cases, and this method has so far only robustly established the connection between one type of star and one type of explosion. Statistical methods allow for constraints to be put on progenitor scenarios of several supernova types, with large samples illuminating certain aspects of the roles of binarity, mass and metallicity. New surveys are finding supernovae at very early times, a mere hours to days after the explosion. Observations on these timescales can probe the shock cooling emission, constraining the progenitor radius and the explosion physics. Together, these methods are teaching us about the progenitors of most supernova types, without being limited to local events with pre-explosion coverage.